How can I create shade?
There are various options, from pergolas to sails to good old-fashioned foliage.

“Ensure trees and shrubs are in the right position so shade is where you want it to be during the main part of the day,” Katie says. “And remember that what you plant will need to be happy in full sunshine.”

Simon agrees, adding, “If you have an existing tree, try pruning off the lower branches to raise the crown enough to sit under. If you want shade in the afternoon when the sun is moving west, avoid planting on the east boundary, where only your neighbours will benefit. For dappled shade, opt for trees with smaller leaves, such as silver birch, Amelanchier or willow.” Luke suggests a cherry tree for a quick-growing option.

Considering a pergola? “A simple timber structure with climbers growing over it could be all you need,” Simon says. “Or, for a more versatile solution, look at aluminium designs with a louvred roof. Some models also come with pull-down side blinds, perfect for when the sun is lower in the sky.”

If you favour a sail, Luke points out these can be problematic in windy situations, so need a sheltered spot.